![]() Legs evolved convergently in the arthropods, octopi and four kinds of fish (tetrapods, frogfish, skates, mudskippers). Vertebrates, arthropods, octopi and worms independently invented jaws. Eyes evolved not just in vertebrates, but in arthropods, octopi, worms and jellyfish. ![]() ![]() We also see convergence in individual organs. Other striking cases of convergence include dolphins and extinct ichthyosaurs, which evolved similar shapes to glide through the water, and birds, bats and pterosaurs, which convergently evolved flight. Remarkably, Australia's entire evolutionary history, with mammals diversifying after the dinosaur extinction, parallels other continents. There are also marsupial moles, marsupial anteaters and marsupial flying squirrels. Australia's extinct, marsupial thylacine had a kangaroo-like pouch but otherwise looked like a wolf, despite evolving from a different mammal lineage. ![]() And striking examples of convergent evolution do exist. ![]()
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